Evolution has certain movement patterns built into us, and a proper exercise program should allow us to move well into old age efficiently and without pain. It's all about having an understanding of proper biomechanics and the forces that nature places on us on a daily basis. 

Learning how to recover from activity can be a science of its own. It is also important to know how to develop and maintain proper sleep timing to rejuvenate the body. Other techniques that can boost longevity (a process called Autophagy)  include fasting, meditation and cold thermogenesis.